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HAVE YOU EVER…

Verb + མྱོང་ + ངས། / ཡོད་པས། / ཡོད། / ཡོད་རེད།
Never : Verb + མ་མྱོང་ or Verb + མྱོང་ཡོད་མ་རེད།
  • The verb before མྱོང་ always stays in the present tense, even though we talk about the past.
  • Literally, མྱོང་བ། means “to experience” : you ask if someone has had the experience of doing something.
Asking
རྒྱ་གར་ལ་འགྲོ་མྱོང་ངས། Have you ever gone to India?
(Have you had the experience of going to India?)
ཁྱེད་རང་གིས་བོད་ཇ་འཐུང་མྱོང་ངས། Have you (ever) drunk Tibetan tea?
(Have you had the experience of drinking Tibetan tea?)
ཁྱེད་རང་གིས་བླ་མ་འདིའི་སྐོར་ལ་གོ་མྱོང་ངས། Have you ever heard of this lama?
(Have you had the experience of hearing about this lama?)
བོད་ཀྱི་བཙན་པོའི་བང་སོ་མཇལ་མྱོང་ཡོད་པས Have you visited the tombs of the Tibetan kings? (H)
(Have you had the experience of visiting the tombs of the Tibetan kings?)
ཁྱེད་རང་བོད་ལ་ཐེངས་ག་ཚད་ཕེབས་མྱོང་། How many times have you been to Tibet? (H)
(How many times have you had the experience of going to Tibet?)
I have / he has
ང་རྒྱ་གར་ལ་འགྲོ་མྱོང་ཡོད། I have been (lit. gone) to India.
(I have the experience of going to India.)
ང་བོད་ལ་ཐེངས་གཅིག་འགྲོ་མྱོང་། I have been to Tibet once.
(I have the experience of going to Tibet once.)
མོ་རང་བོད་ཇ་གཏུངས་མྱོང་ཡོད་རེད། She has drunk Tibetan tea.
(She has the experience of drinking Tibetan tea.)
ཁོང་གནམ་གྲུའི་ནང་ལ་ཕེབས་མྱོང་ཡོད་རེད། He has travelled by aeroplane. (H)
(He has the experience of going by aeroplane.)
Never
ཁོས་མོག་མོག་ཟ་མྱོང་ཡོད་མ་རེད། He's never eaten momos.
(He does not have the experience of eating momos.)
ཁོང་བལ་ཡུལ་ལ་ཡོང་མྱོང་ཡོད་མ་རེད། She has never come to Nepal.
(She does not have the experience of coming to Nepal.)
དེ་འདྲའི་གཞས་སྙན་པོ་ངས་གོ་མ་མྱོང་། I have never heard such a sweet song!
(Such a sweet song, I have not had the experience of hearing.)
ཤ་མ་ཟ་མཁན་གྱི་ཁྱི་ངས་མཐོང་མ་མྱོང་། I have never seen a dog who does not eat meat.
(A dog that does not eat meat, I have not had the experience of seeing.)
ང་འགྲོ་མ་མྱོང་། ཡིན་ནའི་ཕོལ་འགྲོ་མྱོང་ཡོད་རེད། I haven’t been there, but Paul has.
(I have not had the experience of going. But Paul has had the experience of going.)